Jain — observances and vrat guides
Jain fasting is rooted in ahimsa, self-restraint and reflection on one's conduct. Upvas, Ekasana, Ayambil and Posaha describe different disciplines, not different names for a single fast. Paryushana and Samvatsari bring repentance and forgiveness into focus; Navpad Oli centres reverence for the nine supreme spiritual categories. Digambara and Shwetambara communities can follow different festival schedules and practices. Food restrictions are equally important: avoiding roots and eating within the prescribed daylight period cannot be replaced by a general Hindu phalahar menu. These entries keep individual observances separate so that their austerities, dates and purpose remain visible.
The catalog currently includes 27 distinct entries in this collection. Examples are Mahavir Jayanti; Navpad Oli; Paryushana Parva; Paryushana Upvas; Samvatsari. Their recorded devotional focus includes Lord Mahavira (24th Tirthankara); Navpad — the 9 Supreme Elements; Lord Mahavira. Follow the individual links below for the full description, calendar dates, mantra and allowed or avoided foods; each link leads to a dedicated observance page rather than a search result.
Calendar dates are references, not a substitute for the observance rules of your chosen city and community. Lunar days can cross civil-date boundaries, and regional practice can change which day is kept. Meal suggestions are optional ideas for an allowed meal, not instructions to eat during a complete fast. Children, pregnant people and anyone with a medical condition should seek appropriate advice before fasting. Compare the linked guides with your family or temple's practice and choose a discipline suited to your health.
All 27 observances in this collection
- Mahavir Jayanti — March 30, 2026
The birth anniversary of Lord Mahavira, the 24th Tirthankara and last great reformer of Jainism — a day of prayer, non-violence, and charitable acts
- Navpad Oli — March 25, 2026
9 consecutive days of Ayambil (one bland, tasteless meal) — worship of the Navpad, the 9 supreme elements of Jain philosophy
- Paryushana Parva — September 8, 2026
The most sacred Jain festival — 8 days (Shvetambara: Sep 8–15, 2026 · VNS 2552) of repentance, renewal, and the cultivation of forgiveness, ending on Samvatsari
- Paryushana Upvas — September 8, 2026
The supreme Jain austerity — a complete 8-day fast during Paryushana, sustained on boiled water only. One of the most spiritually meritorious observances in the Jain tradition.
- Samvatsari — September 15, 2026
The holiest single day in the Jain calendar — the final day of Paryushana (Sep 15, 2026 · VNS 2552) and the supreme day of universal forgiveness. The Shvetambara equivalent of Yom Kippur.
- Das Lakshana Parva — September 16, 2026
The Digambara Jain equivalent of Paryushana — 10 days (Sep 16–25, 2026 · VNS 2552) of fasting, meditation, and contemplation of the 10 supreme characteristics of the soul
- Kshamavani — Digambara Forgiveness Day — September 27, 2026
The Digambara equivalent of Samvatsari — the day of universal forgiveness (Ashwin Krishna Pratipada — Sep 27, 2026 · VNS 2552) that concludes the Das Lakshana Parva observances
- Navpad Oli — October 17, 2026
Autumn session of Navpad Oli — 9 consecutive days of Ayambil and worship of the Navpad, the 9 supreme elements of Jain philosophy
- Mahavira Nirvana — Jain Deepawali — November 8, 2026
The night Lord Mahavira attained nirvana — Jains light lamps to honour the light of his knowledge and observe prayer and fasting
- Rohini Vrat — January 1, 2026
A Jain fast observed monthly when the Rohini Nakshatra prevails — dedicated to Lord Vasupujya, the 12th Tirthankara. Observed 12 times in 2026.
- Pakshik Chauwdas — January 2, 2026
Pakshik Chauwdas — the 14th tithi of each Shukla and Krishna paksha. A core monthly Jain Samvat fasting day across both Shvetambara and Digambara sects, observed ~25 times a year, paired with evening Pakshik Pratikraman.
- Pakshik Ekadashi — January 14, 2026
Pakshik Ekadashi — the 11th tithi (lunar day) of each Shukla and Krishna paksha. A traditional Jain fasting day across both Shvetambara and Digambara sects, with Mauna Ekadashi (Margashirsha Shukla) being the most meritorious of the year.
- Pakshik Aathum — January 10, 2026
Pakshik Aathum — the 8th tithi of each Shukla and Krishna paksha. A core monthly Jain Samvat fasting day across both Shvetambara and Digambara sects, observed ~25 times a year with Ekasana, Ayambil, or full Upvas.
- Ayambil (Navpad Oli) — March 25, 2026
The supreme Jain austerity (Ekavikruti Tyag) — one completely plain and tasteless meal per day with zero taste enhancers. Practised especially during Navpad Oli and Paryushana, and on auspicious days throughout the year.
- Choviar (Chowvihar) — January 6, 2026
The Jain practice of giving up all food and water after sunset — observed especially on Ashtami and Chaturdashi of each paksha (~4 times per lunar month) and throughout Paryushana
- Ekasana — January 2, 2026
The gateway Jain austerity — one complete meal before sunset, observed on any auspicious day. Not eating after sunset (Ratri Bhojana) is a core Jain practice every single day, not only on fast days.
- Meru Trayodashi — January 16, 2026
A sacred Jain Trayodashi honouring Meru — the cosmic mountain of Jain cosmology where the five supreme beings are enshrined, observed on the 13th tithi (VNS 2552)
- Phalguna Chaumasi Chaudas — March 21, 2027
Phalguna Shukla Chaturdashi — the 14th tithi before Phalguna Purnima, marking the end of the winter Chaumasi quarter, observed with Upvas and universal Pratikraman (VNS 2553)
- Akshaya Tritiya — Varsitap Parana — May 19, 2026
The day Lord Rishabhdev (Adinath) broke his year-long fast with sugarcane juice — the most auspicious day in the Jain calendar for charity, Varsitap Parana, and Akshana Daan (VNS 2552)
- Anant Chaturdashi — September 25, 2026
The 14th tithi of Bhadrapad Shukla — observed by Digambara Jains as the final day of Das Lakshana Parva (Sep 25, 2026 · VNS 2552)
- Jain New Year — VNS 2553 Begins — November 9, 2026
The first day of Veer Nirvana Samvat 2553 — the Jain New Year begins the day after Mahavira Nirvana (Jain Deepawali, Nov 8, 2026). A day of prayer, resolve, and new beginnings.
- Gyan Pancham — Jain Festival of Knowledge — November 13, 2026
Gyan Pancham — the 5th tithi of Kartik Shukla, honouring Samyak Jnan (right knowledge) through puja of sacred Jain Agamas, fasting, and complete devotion to scripture (Nov 13, 2026 · VNS 2553)
- Kartik Chaumasi Chaudas — November 23, 2026
The Chaturdashi of Kartik month — Jain monks conclude their Chaturmas (4-month monsoon stay) on this day. Lay Jains observe Upvas and perform Chaumasi Pratikraman (VNS 2553/2554)
- Shravana Auspicious Day — August 17, 2026
The holy Shravana month (July–August) is auspicious for Jains — observed with Ekasana (one meal) or Upvas (complete fast) following strict Jain ahimsa rules, which differ from Hindu Shravana practices
- Posh Dasami (Parshvanath Janma Kalyanak) — January 13, 2026
Posh Dasami — Pausha Krishna Dasami — the Janma Kalyanak (birth anniversary) of Lord Parshvanath, the 23rd Tirthankara, born in Varanasi to King Ashvasena and Queen Vamadevi. The principal observance is the 3-day Atham (Upvas) covering Pausha Krishna 9, 10, and 11. Especially significant at Shankheshwar, Shikharji (Sammet Shikhar), and all major Parshvanath tirths.
- Mauni Aathum (Posh Krishna Ashtami) — January 11, 2026
Mauni Aathum — Pausha Krishna Ashtami — observed in complete silence (mauna) with Upvas or Ayambil. Falls 2 days before Posh Dasami and is often the opening day of the 3-day Parshvanath Janma Atham observance. Mauna (silence) is held from sunrise to sunset, devoted to Pratikraman, Samayika, and Navkar Mantra japa.
- Purnima Parva — January 3, 2026
The monthly full-moon (Purnima) parva — observed by many Jains with Posaha, Upvas or Ekasana on every Shukla Paksha Purnima. A day of heightened austerity, temple worship, and reverence to the Tirthankaras.